ABSTRACT
Fecal samples from male and female goat kids, of different breeds and up to one year of age, were analyzed to determine egg and oocyst counts per gram of feces (EPG and OPG, respectively), and fecal culturing was performed to identify nematode genera. Helminth eggs and Eimeria spp. oocysts were found in 93.06% (188/202) and 77.22% (156/202) of the fecal samples, respectively. From fecal cultures, the following genera were identified: Cooperia in 11.88% (24/202), Haemonchus in 51.98% (105/202), Oesophagostomum in 9.4% (19/202), Strongyloides in 5.94 (12/202) and Trichostrongylus in 20.79% (42/202) of the samples. The Eimeria species found were E. alijevi in 25.24% (51/202), E. arloingi in 7.42% (15/202), E. caprina in 2.97% (6/202), E. caprovina in 10.39% (21/202), E. christenseni in 4.45% (9/202), E. joklchijevi in 11.38% (23/202), E. hirci in 9.4% (19/202) and E. ninakohlyakimovae in 28.71% (58/202) samples. Among the gastrointestinal parasites, the genus Haemonchus and two Eimeria species (E. ninakohlyakimovae and E. alijevi) were predominants.
Amostras fecais de cabritos machos e fêmeas, de diferentes raças e com até uma ano de idade, foram examinadas para determinação do número de ovos e oocistos por grama de fezes (OPG e OoPG, respectivamente) e coprocultura para identificação genérica dos nematódeos. Ovos de helmintos e oocistos de Eimeria spp. foram observados em 93,06% (188/202) e 77,22% (156/202) das amostras, respectivamente. Pelas coproculturas, foram identificados os gêneros Cooperia em 11,88% (24/202), Haemonchus em 51,98% (105/202), Oesophagostomum em 9,4% (19/202), Strongyloides em 5,94 (12/202) e Trichostrongylus em 20,79% (42/202) das amostras. As espécies de Eimeria encontradas foram E. alijevi em 25,24% (51/202), E. arloingi em 7,42% (15/202), E. caprina em 2,97% (6/202), E. caprovina em 10,39% (21/202), E. christenseni em 4,45% (9/202), E. joklchijevi em 11,38% (23/202), E. hirci em 9,4% (19/202) e E. ninakohlyakimovae em 28,71% (58/202) das amostras. Dentre os parasitas gastrintestinais, houve predominância do gênero Haemonchus e de duas espécies de Eimeria: E. ninakohlyakimovae e E. alijevi.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Gastrointestinal Diseases/veterinary , Goat Diseases/epidemiology , Goat Diseases/parasitology , Goats/parasitology , Helminthiasis, Animal/epidemiology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/veterinary , Protozoan Infections, Animal/epidemiology , Age Factors , Brazil , Gastrointestinal Diseases/epidemiology , Gastrointestinal Diseases/parasitology , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Most episodes of acute diarrhea are self-limiting. Most patients require neither a stool culture nor antibiotic therapy. This study was designed to investigate the predictors of a stool-culture positivity and indicators for antibiotic therapy in acute infectious diarrheal patients. METHODS: Medical records of 139 adult cases were retrospectively reviewed during the 12 months between January 1999 and December 1999. We used the Chisquare-test to analyze the data for statistical significance. RESULTS: Fecal leukocytes were examined in 104 cases; 30 tested positive (28.8%). Eighty-five stool cultures were taken, and 24 yielded enteric pathogens, such as Salmonella, Shigella, V. Cholera and V. Parahaemolyticus. Cultures from patients treated between August and October, with fever above 37.6degrees C, or with symptoms of abdominal pain had higher yields(44.2% vs 11.9%, p=0.001, correlation coefficient=0.359; 36.8% vs 10.7%, p=0.012, correlation coefficient=0.273;, 38.1% vs 18.6%, p=0.046, correlation coefficient=0.216 ; respectively) and when combined with fecal leukocytes had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 90.1-95.1%. CONCLUSION: The primary variables (season, fever, and abdominal pain) were excellent predictors of stool culture positivity and indicators for antibiotic therapy, especially when combined with fecal leukocytes